{"id":9534,"date":"2023-02-15T13:56:17","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T13:56:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/2023\/02\/15\/hemp-classification\/"},"modified":"2023-03-06T19:44:59","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T19:44:59","slug":"hemp-classification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/2023\/02\/15\/hemp-classification\/","title":{"rendered":"Cannabis \u2013 Classification"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9534\" class=\"elementor elementor-9534 elementor-9175\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bbe713 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"3bbe713\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-595a5cd\" data-id=\"595a5cd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-413de74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"413de74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The term cannabis is often associated with something forbidden. So how come there are suddenly so many stores in which cannabis-based products are openly sold? The answer to this question can be found in the following blog: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal regulations<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but in short \u2013 in the varieties in question the total content of psychotropic substance THC does not exceed 0,2%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis is a plant which has long been known for its versatility. It is used for the production of more than 25.000 industrial products, and lately there has been an increased number of research studies on the use of its <\/span><b>active ingredients (cannabinoid, terpene\/terpenoid and flavonoid<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the targeted selection of hybrid strains, nowadays the cultivation of cannabis can be generally divided into three main groups of cultivars:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">varieties grown for fibres<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">varieties grown for seeds <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">varieties grown for medicinal or recreational purposes<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis, whose botanical name is<\/span> <b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L.<\/b>, <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is the only genus of the<\/span> <b><i>Cannabaceae family<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The widely accepted<\/span> <b>morphological classification into three sub-species<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(and several strains) suggests that all three subspecies \u2013<\/span> <b><i>sativa<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,<\/span><\/i> <b><i>indica<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and<\/span> <b><i>ruderalis<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 represent either pure or hybrid varieties of the<\/span> <b><i>Cannabis<\/i><\/b> plant genus<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. (McPartland JM (2018) <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">systematics at the levels of family, genus, and species,<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3:1, 203\u2013212, DOI: 10.1089\/can.2018.0039.).<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6619e8a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"6619e8a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae070db\" data-id=\"ae070db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d22dd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7d22dd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"647\" src=\"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/en-illustration.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9675\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/en-illustration.png 850w, https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/en-illustration-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/en-illustration-768x585.png 768w, https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/en-illustration-600x457.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8dbf21\" data-id=\"c8dbf21\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96818d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96818d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A part of the scientific community advocates<\/span> <b>this taxonomy and the opinion that<\/b> <b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L. has only two subspecies<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis sativa<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">subsp.<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sativa<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cannabis sativa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> subsp. i<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ndica<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This taxonomy is based on the scientific paper written by Ernest Small and Arthur Cronquist in 1976 , on the basis of which the International Association for Plant Taxonomy set the limit of 0,3% THC between <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the sativa<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(without psychoactive effects)<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and indica<\/span><\/i> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">subspecies (with an intoxicating effect).<\/span> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the purpose of this taxonomy was not to differentiate between cannabis with psychoactive properties and the one without intoxicating effects, nor does it refer to the plant\u2019s ability to intoxicate the consumer. The 0,3% THC limit was set exclusively as the threshold for the purpose of taxonomy. The author Ernest Small emphasised that the percentage accepted by legislation is the result of a misinterpretation of the purpose of the aforementioned scientific paper, and that a plant should contain at least 1% of THC to induce any sort of intoxicating effect, as shown by the illustration.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-decb062 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"decb062\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60080b6\" data-id=\"60080b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-514bf15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"514bf15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Illustration:<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Classification-of-Cannabis-sativa-by-Small-Cronquist-1976-illustrating-conceptual_fig1_326772237\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Classification-of-Cannabis-sativa-by-Small-Cronquist-1976-illustrating-conceptual_fig1_326772237<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28c46d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"28c46d8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56b78c5\" data-id=\"56b78c5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f055fe5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f055fe5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While in scientific circles there is an ongoing debate about the classification of cannabis, Ethan Russo, MD (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ethanrusso.org\/about-ethan-russo-md\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/ethanrusso.org\/about-ethan-russo-md\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) believes that the nomenclature sativa\/indica should be abandoned for the purpose of scientific accuracy and public health. Instead, he insists that <\/span><b>precise biochemical data of cannabinoid and terpene profiles of cannabis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> should be publicly available, for both the medical and recreational market.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The morphological classification is accepted in Croatia and cannabis (<\/span><b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L.)<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is divided into three subspecies in terminological and legislative sense:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sativa (<\/span> <b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L. subsp.<\/b> <b><i>sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>or<\/b> <b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L.<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) \u2013 known as industrial hemp; <\/span> <\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indica (<\/span> <b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b> <b>L. subsp.<\/b> <b><i>indica<\/i><\/b> <b>or<\/b> <b><i>Cannabis indica<\/i><\/b> <b>Lam.<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) &#8211; known as marijuana (other slang names include: grass, pot, Mary Jane, weed, ganja, dope, reefer, doobie, hash, etc.) <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ruderalis (<\/span><b><i>Cannabis sativa<\/i><\/b><b> L. var. <\/b><b><i>ruderalis<\/i><\/b><b> or <\/b><b><i>Cannabis ruderalis<\/i><\/b><b> Janich.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) &#8211; the so-called \u201cwild\u201d hemp, native to northern Eurasia where it grows as weeds, and is considerably different from both <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sativa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">indica<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in terms of its morphology; its specific characteristic is that it contains less THC and often a high amount of cannabidiol (CBD).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Due to an intense selective cultivation and growing methods in the recent years, the difference between sativa and indica subspecies, which is usually encountered in lay literature, is no longer applicable as the degree of crossbreeding\/hybridization is such that only a biochemical test can show to the consumers or scientists which substances a plant contains and in what quantities. (<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5576603\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5576603\/<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The term cannabis is often associated with something forbidden. So how come there are suddenly so many stores in which cannabis-based products are openly sold? The answer to this question can be found in the following blog: Legal regulations, but in short \u2013 in the varieties in question the total content of psychotropic<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-de"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9534"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9754,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9534\/revisions\/9754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanoemulsions.hr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}